1. According to Hobbes, which two needs drive human action?
a. Personal gain and love of others
b. Personal gain and survival
c. Love of others and survival
d. Love of others and desire for peace

2. Why, according to Hobbes, do human beings enter into a commonwealth?
a. Self-preservation
b. Commodious living
c. Stability
d. All of the above

3. According to Hobbes’ Leviathan, human life without government would be characterized
by each of the following EXCEPT:
a. no agriculture
b. no technology
c. no clocks
d. all of the above

4. “But though the benefits of this life may be much furthered by
mutual help; since yet those may be better attained to by dominion,
than by the society of others, I hope no body will doubt, but that men
would much more greedily be carried by nature, if all fear were
removed, to obtain dominion, than to gain society.”
What is Hobbes’ main argument in this passage?
a. Most people would prefer to achieve comfortable self-preservation
through entering into collaborative associations
b. The life of a tyrant is preferable to that of a mere citizen
c. The life of a citizen is preferable to that of a greedy tyrant
d. Without law and order, life is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and
short.”

5. “Drive safely: the life you save may be your own.”
This would be an example of:
a. Psychological realism
b. Christ’s Golden Rule
c. Hobbes’ Golden Rule
d. A and B

6. According to Hobbes, government censorship is necessary
a. because some opinions might incite people to rebellion
b. In order to promote concord
c. Because peace, stability, and security are more important than “free
speech” rights
d. All of the above

7. In Hobbes, “good” and “evil” refer to:
a. Pleasure and pain
b. Virtue and vice
c. The object of love, the object of aversion
d. A and C

8. Each of the following is a characteristic of the state of nature EXCEPT:
a. It is a war of every man against every man
b. Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short
c. There are abundant resources available for human consumption
d. There are no property rights
9. For Hobbes, the greatest good and the greatest evil, respectively, for a human being
are:
a. Glory and disgrace
b. Comfortable self-preservation and violent death
c. Salvation of one’s soul and eternal damnation
d. Virtue and vice

10. Hobbes’ statement, “In the state of nature, profit is the measure of right” signifies that
a. Nature rewards energy and aggression
b. Upright moral character is what gets you ahead
c. Hobbes believes in karma
d. Good intentions always prevail over immoral deeds

11. St. Thomas Aquinas and Thomas Hobbes would agree on which of the following?
a. Commodious living is the highest object of human aspiration
b. Man is by nature a political animal
c. Do unto others as you would have others do unto you
d. None of the above

12. Each of the following is true about Hobbes’ social contract theory EXCEPT:
a. It is the most viable means of escaping the horrors of the state of nature
b. It stipulates that one must be willing to sacrifice one’s life on behalf of the
commonwealth
c. It forbids private men the freedom to be the judge of good and evil actions.
d. It exists for the sake of preventing men from harming one another and being harmed
by one another

13. Which of the following BEST captures the difference between Hobbes’ Law of nature
and St. Thomas Aquinas’ Natural law?
a. The former induces you to treat others as you would want to be treated, whereas the
latter induces you not to treat others as you would not want to be treated
b. The former seeks the good of the body only, whereas the latter seeks the good of both
body and soul
c. The former promotes charity and self-sacrifice, whereas the latter promotes hedonism
d. The former sees justice ultimately as the product of divine legislation, whereas the
latter sees justice strictly as a product of human legislation