1.Use the following information for questions 1 and 2. A 24 year old female complained of weakness, tiredness, and shortness of breath on exertion. She has had recurrent black, tarry stools for about a month. Black tarry stools, or melena, indicates gastrointestinal bleeding. Her laboratory values are as follows: pH = 7.46, pCO2 = 25 mmHg, hemoglobin = 4.5 gm%, [HCO3-] = 16 mM. What is the acid base imbalance in this patient?

Select one:

a. metabolic acidosis.

b. metabolic alkalosis.

c. respiratory acidosis.

d. respiratory alkalosis

2.What physiologic mechanisms are in progress in the patient in question #1 to compensate for her acid base disorder?

Select one:

a. Increased depth of breathing.

b. Increased excretion of H+.

c. Increased excretion of HCO3-.

d. Increased respiratory rate

3. Use the following information to answer questions 3 and 4. A 53 year old man with a history of chronic obstructive lung disease has the following laboratory values after 2 days of shortness of breath: pH = 7.29, pCO2 = 65 mmHg, pO2 = 70 mmHg, [HCO3-] = 30 mM. What is the primary acid base disturbance in this patient?

Select one:

a. metabolic acidosis.

b. metabolic alkalosis.

c. respiratory acidosis.

d. respiratory alkalosis

4. What physiologic mechanism is in progress in the patient in question #3 to compensate for his acid base disorder?

Select one:

a. Decreased deamination of glutamine.

b. Decreased reabsorption of HCO3-.

c. Increased excretion of H+.

d. Increased respiratory rate.