Suppose two hosts, A and B, are separated by 40,000 kilometers and are connected by a direct link of R= 4Mbps. Suppose the propagation speed over the link is 4.5‧108 meters/sec.

a.    Calculate the bandwidth-delay product, R‧ dprop

b.    How long does it take to send the file, assuming it is sent continuously?

c.    Suppose now the file is broken up into 50 packets with each packet containing 80,000 bits. Suppose that each packet is acknowledged by the receiver and the transmission time of an acknowledgment packet is negligible. Finally, assume that the sender cannot send a packet until the preceding one is acknowledged. How long does it take to send the file?

d.    Compare the results from (b) and (c)