Directions -Paraphrase answers that correspond with their question make sure they are not the same as the original to avoid plagiarism.

1.Describe the process for creating a rDNA molecule.

To make one of these molecules, the vector is needed which will allow rDNA to be introduced in a host cell (plasmid, for example). Then, the restriction enzyme is necessary to cut the DNA, while DNA ligase seals the DNA into the opening that the restriction enzyme crates. By taking advantage of the restriction enzymes, scientists can create “molecular scissors to cleave any piece of DNA at a specific site” (245). After creating this gap, the DNA can be put in with complementary ends being exposed by restriction enzymes. The genetic engineers will take the DNA ligase and seal the foreign DNA portion into the vector, and with splicing of the DNA finished, the rDNA molecule has been created.

2. List the scientific benefits of using the polymerase chain reaction.

It can increase the speed of genetic engineering, since it allows many clones of DNAA to be made without putting in a plasmid first. The PCR will mimic DNA replication in the cell in a very specific way. The amount of DNA will be doubled with each replication cycle. PCR also helps DNA to be analyzed more easily, like taking DNA from a corpse to match the DNA of the person’s mouth cells found on a toothbrush. It allows for gel electrophoresis, DNA fingerprinting, and short tandem repeat sequences to all be improved or made possible. DNA test matches can help detect genetic disorders, cancers, or viruses; crime scenes can be solved easier; victims of natural disasters can be more easily identifies; paternity suits can be settled; and evolutionary insight can be gathered with more certainty.

3.Explain how DNA profiling can be used to analyze DNA molecules.

DNA profiling can be used because the DNA for everyone is different; specific parts of the DNA will create a series of bands on a gel, and that specific pattern determines who the individual DNA belongs to. With new methods, fluorescent labels allow for lasers to detect short tandem repeat sequences, then record the emissions and identify the individuals through DNA profiling.