Mr. V. is a 55-year-old alcoholic who checked into a clinical, complaining he has been experiencing a persistent cough and has been feeling more fatigued, nauseous, and irritable. In addition, he is experiencing more frequent memory lapses. His abdomen is distended, but on palpation, his liver is small in size and firm, indicating cirrhosis. Lab tests indicate a decrease in hemoglobin, albumin, and prothrombin levels with elevated serum bilirubin and ammonia levels.

1.Differentiate the various stages that Mr. V.’s liver has progressed through and the implications of the current stage.

2.Examine specific rationale for each of Mr. V.’s manifestations and blood values.

3.Appraise whether it is possible to reverse the damage to the liver at this stage. What is Mr. V’s prognosis?

4.Evaluate significant complications that are likely to occur, include a discussion on predisposing factors and effects on the liver.