Fermentation, homolactic, heterolactic, lipase, peptidase, photosynthesis, phototroph. Chemotroph, autotroph, heterotroph, Photoautotroph, photoheterotroph, chemoautotroph, chemoheterotroph. Explain what effect enzymes have on metabolism and what an enzyme”s turnover number is. Enzymes are responsible for catalyzing reactions. What two key properties does a catalyst possess? An enzymes consists of a polypeptide chain (called the ____) and (sometimes) cofactors and/or coenzymes. What is the Difference between a cofactor and an enzyme?