Which two factors determine the affordability of health care?

[1] American values/technological innovation

[2] Population aging trends/labor participation rate

[3] Illegal immigration/economic inflation

[4] Economic inflation/household income

It is multiple choice answer all you gotta do pick one, AND PLEASE DO NOT PICK RANDOMLY.

I only need an answer for this question. If you are familiar with this book “Essentials of the U.S. Health Care System”, probably you might know it.