You have been assigned by your company, “Progress ‘R Us” to study if there has been a decline in recent years of Adult Chinook salmon at the McNary Dam and if there is a mortality rate of this species between The Dalles Dam and the McNary Dam.

You have the following raw data to work with (from HERELinks to an external site.) — the data are actual fish counts at the Dam.

Using this data answer the questions that are posed below the data table.

These tools will be needed:

1. Download the Chart Tool
2. Use this tool to determine means and standard deviationsLinks to an external site.

3. Use the Z-test Calculator when needed

2014	772107	605907_x000D_
2013	757403	582908_x000D_
2012	413376	341652_x000D_
2011	440862	388058_x000D_
2010	543241	471747_x000D_
2009	350717	232094_x000D_
2008 	331468 	224684_x000D_
2007 	187015 	129062_x000D_
2006 	312102 	197539_x000D_
2005 	363993 	249633_x000D_
2004 	511767 	342302_x000D_
2003 	546394 	368345_x000D_
2002 	540173 	380976_x000D_
2001 	556690 	437120_x000D_
2000 	253067 	152763_x000D_
1999 	171079 	106891_x000D_
1998 	133619  99432_x000D_
1997 	207552 	145958_x000D_
1996 	154044 	101616_x000D_
1995 	108980 	84692_x000D_
1994 	136288 	107889_x000D_
1993 	172655 	133097_x000D_
1992 	141347 	111723_x000D_
1991 	116181 	82636_x000D_
1990 	174773 	121159_x000D_
1989 	252848 	151486_x000D_
1988 	308355 	184870_x000D_
1987 	356113 	237200_x000D_
1986 	266175 	207819_x000D_
1985 	223400 	161401_x000D_
1984 	132990 	102675_x000D_
1983 	114855  91905_x000D_
1982 	112517  69246_x000D_
1981 	101257  63427_x000D_
1980 	93935   63215_x000D_
1979 	107737  69756_x000D_
1978 	167434 	123542_x000D_
1977 	169886 	128363_x000D_
1976 	126200  80900_x000D_
1975 	142900  83400_x000D_
1974 	137400  93300_x000D_
1973 	208900 	148500_x000D_
1972 	187000 	146700_x000D_
1971 	165100 	134000_x000D_
1970 	175900 	136000_x000D_
1969 	215300 	173600_x000D_
1968 	198300 	155400_x000D_
1967 	181400 	146500_x000D_
1966 	204200 	179700_x000D_
1965 	127400 	101600_x000D_
1964 	153000 	138600_x000D_
1963 	125800 	110500_x000D_
1962 	169200 	133800_x000D_
1961 	201300 	131800_x000D_
1960 	196900 	154300_x000D_
1959 	207500 	171500_x000D_
1958 	301900 	226100_x000D_
1957 	312700 	292700

a) Enter the data into the chart tool (you can minimize typing by just entering the data in units of thousands so instead of entering 312700 just enter 312 or 313 if you want to round up). Include your chart in your homework submission and comment on the ensuing pattern of the data that you notice.

b) Compute the means and standard deviations over the entire data period (1957-2014) and use the Z-test to show that the Counts at McNary Dam are significantly lower than at the Dalles Dam.

c) For just the Dalles Dam counts: Compute the average and standard deviation of the counts between the period 2001- 2014 and from 1957-1999. Use the Z-test to determine if there is a significant difference between these two time periods.

d)From the result you just got above, what does this tell you about the relation between dams and decreasing salmon in the Columbia River system. Offer a data informed opinion and not your personal opinion.

e) Compared to the 2001-2014 period (again Dalles Dam) are the low counts observed in 2007 statistically significant? If so, what factors in that year do you think might have caused this (temporary) decline (do some research to support your statements)