Describe the prevalence and importance of the health issue;The financial costs to a health care system associated with CVD is very substantial as patients may live with this condition for many years and require numerous medications in order to manage the disease.

In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated, “noncommunicable
diseases, mainly cardiovascular diseases,
cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes represent a major threat to human health and development. These four
diseases are the world’s biggest killers, causing an estimated 35 million deaths each year” (WHO, 2008). Mortality statistics
from the United Arab Emirates show similar results, with 71% of deaths resulting from chronic diseases such as
cardiovascular disease and diabetes. nnCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of disease that involves the heart or blood
vessels. The financial costs to a health care system associated with CVD is very substantial as patients may live with this
condition for many years and require numerous medications in order to manage the disease. Additionally, CVD may lead to
many acute health emergencies such as heart attack, stroke and angina, which further increase the financial burden of this
disease. nnDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar levels. The most
common form of diabetes is Type 2 DM that results from insulin resistance, where cells fail to use insulin properly. Similar to
CVD, DM is a major health problem in the UAE. The disease not only places an economic burden on patients and society, but
it also has a negative impact on the healthrelated
quality of life of these individuals. nnAssignment aimsnThe aim of this
assignment is to prepare a literature review exploring the prevalence and determinants of either CVD or Type 2 DM. The
literature review should:nDescribe the prevalence and importance of the health issue;nDescribe the determinants of this
issue;nDiscuss how attention to these determinants can help to reduce the incidence and prevalence of the condition;
andnDiscuss how addressing these determinants can assist people with identified risk factors to access services and
supportive environments to help them manage their condition and prevent disease progression. nnThe aim is to produce a
review paper that can be used to raise awareness of the importance of understanding upstream determinants of CVD and
Type 2 DM and to generate ideas for enhancing clinical/community practice. nnAcademic quality and formatnThis literature
review must be supported by the BPT1111 readings, other recent published literature and sound, evidencebased
arguments.
The review must address

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