12.14. A random sample of 100 men and 100 women were asked whether they would be willing to work as unpaid volunteers. The results indicate that 54% of the men and 64% of the women responded YES to this question, while 46% of the men and 36% of the women responded NO to the question. The chi square test was used to determine whether the men and women in the study differ in their willingness to work as unpaid volunteers. The obtained chi square value was 2.06 (c2(obt)=2.06). The appropriate critical value at p=.05 is 3.841 (c2crit (.05)=3.841).

a.        Which chi square test was used to analyze the data and determine whether there are gender differences between the responses of the men and women who participated in the survey? Explain.

b.                 What was the null hypothesis for the study?

c.                  Was there a gender difference between the responses of the male and female participants? Explain.