12. What is accomplished when ATP is hydrolyzed by DnaC?

a)       Allows formation of the oriC/DnaB complex

b)       Helps release DnaB helicase as it is loaded onto the DNA

c)       Helps bind DnaB helicase to the [3 clamp

d)       Removes DnaC at termination of repl ication

e)       Removes DnaA at termination of replication

16 . Universal features of DNA polymerases include:

a)     5′-3′ exonuclease function.

b)     Formation of an ‘closed’ conformation of the polymerase when the template-nucleotide base pair is correct.

c)     Use of a single magnesium ion to orient reacting molecules and assist in dissipation of the negative charge that develops during nucleotidyl transfer.

d)     Alignment of conserved residues in the active site for attack of the DNA primer by the 3’OH on the incoming nucleotide.

e)     Continuous unbinding and rebinding of the polymerase to the DNA template as each nucleotide is added.

19.  What function does helicase perform during replication?

a)       It stabilizes the negative charge of the transition state.

b)       It utilizes ATP to power DNA strand separation.

c)       It adds negative supercoils to DNA.

d)       Both A and C are correct.

e)       None of the above.

21 . The clamp loader loads the sliding clamp onto the DNA. Review the steps listed below. Which step would come SECOND?

a)     ATP binds to the y (gamma) subunits, which undergo a conformation change.

b)     Double-stranded DNA passes through the ß clamp.

c)     They (gamma) — p clamp —ATP complex binds primed DNA.

d)     Y (gamma) subunits bind to and open the clamp.

e)     Single-stranded DNA passes through the side of the ß clamp loader gap.

22. Which of the following describes the approximate chromosomal location of the termination of replication in bacteria?

a)     Termination occurs at oriC once the replication fork has advanced the entire length of the chromosome.

b)     Termination occurs at a location one-quarter around the chromosome.

c)     Termination occurs at a location halfway around the chromosome.

d)     Termination occurs at random locations where replication forks collide.

e)     Termination occurs at the first Ter site encountered by the replication fork.